شناسایی و اولویت بندی ابعاد اکوسیستم کارآفرینی فناورانه در صنایع تبدیلی استان گلستان به روش ترکیبی دلفی فازی و سوارا
محورهای موضوعی : انتقال فناوري و تجاري‌سازي پژوهشعلی سوختانلو 1 , عبدالغنی رستگار 2 * , هادی ثنایی پور 3
1 - دانشجوی دوره دکتری
2 - دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
3 - دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی فناورانه, اکوسیستم کارآفرینی, استان گلستان, صنایع تبدیلی,
چکیده مقاله :
اقتصاد استان گلستان؛ بر پایه تولید محصولات کشاورزی استوار است؛ به گونه ای که رتبه بالای تولیدات کشاورزی، سهم بالای اشتغال و همچنین شرایط جغرافیایی مطلوب؛ فرصت های کارآفرینانه متعددی را در حوزه کشاورزی و صنایع تبدیلی ایجاد کرده است. بهره مندی از این فرصت ها؛ بر بستر اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روی می دهد که در سالیان اخیر مورد توجه برنامه ریزان و سیاست گزاران توسعه کارآفرینی قرار گرفته است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، شناسایی و اولویت بندی ابعاد اکوسیستم کارآفرینی فناورانه در صنایع تبدیلی استان گلستان می-باشد که به روش آمیخته اکتشافی طی دو گام کیفی و کمّی انجام شد. در گام کیفی تحقیق از مطالعات کتابخانه ای، جستجوهای اینترنتی و مصاحبه با خبرگان کارآفرینی فناورانه استفاده شد و با استفاده از بهره مندی از روش تحلیل محتوا؛ ابعاد اکوسیستم کارآفرینی فناورانه در صنایع تبدیلی استان گلستان شناسایی شد. سپس با استفاده از از روش دلفی فازی در سه راند، ابعاد توسط خبرگان ارزیابی شد. اولویت-بندی ابعاد نیز با استفاده از روش سوارا انجام شد. از آنجا که هر اکوسیستم کارآفرینی؛ از ابعاد، ویژگی ها و مختصات خاصی خود برخوردار است، لذا برای برنامه ریزی جهت بهبود وضعیت صنایع تبدیلی استان گلستان، نیازمند دانستن شاخص های اکوسیستم کارآفرینی فناورانه در این صنعت بود که بر اساس یافته های تحقیق؛ ساختارهای کارافرینی دانش بنیان نظر پارک های علم و فناوری؛ مراکز رشد و مراکز تحقیقاتی دانشگاهی؛ خوشه های کسب‌وکار؛ تامین مالی؛ مسائل حقوقی و جذب، انتقال و تجاری سازی فناوری از مهمترین ابعاد ابعاد اکوسیستم کارآفرینی فناورانه در صنایع تبدیلی استان گلستان شناسایی شدند. در انتهای تحقیق نیز پیشنهادهای کاربردی در این حوزه ارائه شدند.
Economy of Golestan province; It is based on the production of agricultural products; In such a way that the high rank of agricultural production, high share of employment as well as favorable geographical conditions; It has created numerous entrepreneurial opportunities in the field of agriculture and conversion industries. Take advantage of these opportunities; It takes place in the context of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, which has been considered by planners and policy makers of entrepreneurship development in recent years. The purpose of this study is identify and prioritize the dimensions of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in the conversion industries of Golestan province, which was done by a mixed exploratory method in two qualitative and quantitative steps. In the qualitative step of the research, library studies, internet searches and interviews with technological entrepreneurship experts were used, and using the content analysis method; Dimensions of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem were identified. Then, using fuzzy Delphi method in three rounds, the dimensions were evaluated by experts. Dimension prioritization was also done using Swara method. Because any entrepreneurial ecosystem; It has its own dimensions, features and coordinates, so to plan to improve the situation of conversion industries in Golestan province, it was necessary to know the characteristics of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in this industry, which based on the research findings; Knowledge-based entrepreneurial structures of science and technology parks; Growth centers and university research centers; Business clusters; Financing; Legal issues and recruitment; Technology transfer and commercialization were identified as the most important dimensions.
1- Qian, H., Acs, Z. J., & Stough, R. R. Regional systems of entrepreneurship: the nexus of human capital, knowledge and new firm formation. Journal of Economic Geography, 134, 559-587. 2013.
2- Auerswald, P. E. Enabling entrepreneurial ecosystems: Insights from ecology to inform effective entrepreneurship policy. Kauffman Foundation Research Series on city, metro, and regional entrepreneurship: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2673843. 2013.
3- Peng, X., & Zhang, G. The moderating effect of governance form on the relationship between corporate technological entrepreneurship activities and corporate financial performance: An empirical study on Chinese high-tech firms. In PICMET'08-2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology (pp. 787-793). IEEE. 2008.
4- Birz, G., Lott, J. R. The effect of macroeconomic news on stock returns: New evidence from newspaper coverage. Journal of Banking and Finance, volume 35, issue 11, p. 2791 – 2800. 2011.
5- Hofmeister, G., Mukhtarova, K., Abdykalikova, M., Yerimpasheva, A., & Abikenov, A. Ecosystem of Technological Business: Methods of Analysis and Development Factors. Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 51, 3-12. 2019.
6- Maysami, A. M., & Elyasi, G. M. Designing the framework of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem: A grounded theory approach in the context of Iran. Technology in Society, 63, 101372. 2020.
7- Hassen, T. B. The entrepreneurship ecosystem in the ICT sector in Qatar: local advantages and constraints. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 27(2): 177-195. 2020.
8- Sun, C., Li, C., & Zhang, J. Evaluation on Symbiotic Performance of Regional Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control ICMIC2019 pp. 401-411. Springer, Singapore. 2020.
9- Elia, G., Margherita, A., & Passiante, G. Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem: How digital technologies and collective intelligence are reshaping the entrepreneurial process. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 150, 119791. 2020.
10- Igwe, P. A., Odunukan, K., Rahman, M., Rugara, D. G., & Ochinanwata, C. How entrepreneurship ecosystem influences the development of frugal innovation and informal entrepreneurship. Thunderbird International Business Review, 625, 475-488. 2020.
11- Isenberg, D. The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economic policy: Principles for cultivating entrepreneurship. Presentation at the Institute of International and European Affairs, 1781, 1-13. 2011.
12- Maysami, AM, Mohammadi Eliassy, GH. Hejazi, S.R., Mobini Dehkordi, A. Maps of technology entrepreneurs in the technology entrepreneurship ecosystem. Tomorrow management. 19 (62): 220-207. (In Persian). 2019.
13- Rabelo, R. J., & Bernus, P. A holistic model of building innovation ecosystems. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 28(3): 2250–2257. 2015.
14- Sun, C., Li, C., & Zhang, J. Evaluation on Symbiotic Performance of Regional Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control ICMIC2019 pp. 401-411. Springer, Singapore. 2020.
15- Kord Heydari, R., Mansoori Moayed, F. Khodadad Hosseini. S. H. A combination of factors affecting the development of emerging technology businesses in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Entrepreneurship Development. 12 (1): 160-141. 2019.
16- Saeedi Aghdam, M. Alam Tabriz. A. Sarafizadeh Qazvini. A. Zind Hesami, A. Simulation of Collective Investment in Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. Strategic management studies. 37: 160-141. (In Persian). 2019.
17- Ghanbari, S. Dehghan, M.H. & Miri Anaraki, H. Spatial Prioritization of Entrepreneurship Development with Emphasis on Agricultural Transformation Industries in Rural Areas Using Vicor Model. Geographical arrangement of space. 7 (26). 223-212. (In Persian). 2017.
18- Maysami, AM, Mohammadi Eliassy, GH. Hejazi, S.R., Mobini Dehkordi, A. Dimensions and components of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in Iran. Technology Development Management. 5 (3): 42-9. (In Persian). 2017
19- Pohjalainen, M. Verojalanjälkiraportointi valtion enemmistöomisteisissa energia-alan yrityksissä vuosina 2015–2019. 2020.
20- Gupta, R., Jain, K., Kusre, A., & Momaya, K. S. Technology Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in India: Findings from a Survey. Retrieved from https://www.pomsmeetings.org/confpapers/060/060-1492. 2015.
21- Ribeiro, A. T. V. B., Zancul, E. D. S., Axel-Berg, J. H., & Plonski, G. A. Can universities play an active role in fostering entrepreneurship in emerging ecosystems? A case study of the University of São Paulo. International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, 81, 1-22. 2018.
22- Xie, K., Song, Y., Zhang, W., Hao, J., Liu, Z., & Chen, Y. Technological entrepreneurship in science parks: A case study of Wuhan Donghu High-Tech Zone. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 135, 156-16. 2018.
23- Soriano, D. R., Mas-Tur, A., & Roig-Tierno, N. April. New ICTs in Entrepreneurship: Which Component of Intellectual Capital Should we be Promoting?. In European Conference on Intangibles and Intellectual Capital p. 298. Academic Conferences International Limited. 2015.
24- Azar. A. Soft Operation Research. Industerial Management Organization Publishing. Tehran, Iran. (In Persian). 2017.
25- Wu, Chih-Hung; Fang, Wen-Chang. Combining the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and the fuzzy Delphi method for developing critical competences of electronic commerce professional managers; Qual Quant, Vol. 45, PP. 751–768. 2011.
26- Cheng, C. H., & Lin, Y. Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European journal of operational research, 142(1), 174-186. 2002.