Solutions for the Development of Entrepreneurial University in the Field of Humanities and Social Sciences Based on a Multiple Case Study
Subject Areas : Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ecosystemsmehdi goodarzi 1 * , farzaneh khalouei 2
1 - Allameh Tabataba’I University
2 - Allameh Tabataba’I University
Abstract :
One of the issues encountered by the Iranian Humanities and Social Sciences Society is the commercialization of knowledge and business creation in this field. As a result, the deprivation of business areas from the benefits and capacities of the humanities and social sciences, the wasting of the country's capital, the unemployment of a large number of graduates, immigration and employment in irrelevant businesses are the main consequences of this issue. Therefore, this paper attempts by reviewing the literature on entrepreneurship, the supporting ecosystem of entrepreneurship and the study of two domestic and international universities, provide some solutions for developing university entrepreneurship in the field of humanities and social sciences. The results show that in comprehensive universities, firstly, engineering faculties and then social sciences, economics and management schools engage in entrepreneurship. However, other colleges are resisting entrepreneurship. Therefore, at a humanities university, the stimulation of all faculties for entrepreneurship innovatively, along with the pursuit of scientific and research tasks, should be carefully addressed and start with the colleges whose products and services are closer to the market. In addition, there is no universal framework for creating an academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. Thus, the officials of the universities in the field of humanities must be able to create a environment in which, while preserving the traditional values of education and research, put the commercialization capacity of creating entrepreneurial culture in the university at the center of attention of students and staff.
1- رضایی، بیژن، عباسپور، عباس، نیکنامی، مصطفی، رحیمیان، حمید، و دلاور، علی، واكاوي راهكارهاي بهبود كارآفريني دانشگاهي در حوزه علوم انساني و ارائه يك نظريه زمينهاي، ابتكار و خلاقيت در علوم انساني، شماره 2، دوره سوم، پاييز 1392.
2- آقایی فیشانی، تیمور و زارعنیا، محمود، کتاب جامع کارآفرینی و کسب و کار، تهران: کتاب طلایی، 1390.
3- مقیمی، سیدمحمد؛ وکیلی، یوسف و اکبری، مرتضی، نظریههای کارآفرینی، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 1392.
4- کردنائیج، اسداله و همکاران، بررسي ويژگيهاي دانشگاه كارآفرين در دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران: توسعه كارآفريني، دوره پنجم، شماره سوم، 1391.
5- کردنائیج، اسداله، دانشگاه کارآفرین و نقش آن در ایجاد اشتغال آموزش عالی، تهران: مجله علمی- ترویجی مدیریت و توسعه، شماره 26، 1384.
6- مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و رسانههای دیجیتال، سرمایهگذاری در کسب وکارهای نوپا (استارتآپها)؛ با نگاهی به وضعیت کشور و منطقه، 1393.
7- Etzkowitz H., "From Zero-Sum to Value-Added Strategies: The Emergence of "Knowledge-Based Industrial Policy in the States of the United States," Policy Studies Journal, 1998.
8- Etzkowitz H., "MIT and the Rise of Entrepreneurial Science," Routledge, London, 2002.
9- Etzkowitz H., "Research groups as “quasi-firms": the invention of the entrepreneurial university," Research Policy, vol. 32, pp. 109-121, 2003.
10- Ropke J. "The entrepreneurial university, innovation, academic knowledge creation and regional development in a globalized economy, Working paper Department of Economics", Phllipps-Universitat Marburg, vol. 15, 1998.
11- Clark, B. R. "Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organization Pathways of Transformation," Oxford: Pergamon, UK, 1998.
12- Gulbrandsen M. and Aanstad S., "Is innovation a useful concept for arts and humanities research?” Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 9-24, 2015.
13- Etzkowitz H., "Can a teaching university be an entrepreneurial university? Civic Entrepreneurship and the Formation of a Cultural Cluster in Ashland, Oregon," presented at the CIMR Research Working Paper Series Working Paper No. 11, 2013.
14- Etzkowitz.H, A. Webster, C. Gebhardt, and B. R. C. Terra, "The future of the university and the university of the future: evolution of ivory tower to entrepreneurial paradigm," Research Policy 29 (2), pp. 313-330, 2000.
15- Rasmussen E. and Sorheim R., "Action-based Entrepreneurship Education," vol. 26, no. NO. 2, pp. 185-194, 2006.
16- Clark, B., "The entrepreneurial university: New foundations for collegiality, autonomy and achievement," Higher Education Management, Vol. 13 no.2, pp.9-24, 2001.
17- Mason C. and Brown R., "Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth- Oriented Enterprises," Feld, B (2012) Startup Communities: building an entrepreneurial ecosystem in your city Hoboken: NJ, Wiley, 2014.
18- Isenberg D., "The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economy policy: principles for cultivating entrepreneurship," Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, vol. Babson College, Babson Park: MA, 2011.