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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Technological Collaboration :Key Concepts and Success Factors
        Reza Ansari
        In today's world, especially after the development of open innovation paradigm, technological collaboration is the most important sources of innovation. Because, in the new competitive environment, organizations are in need sources of innovation and the current competi More
        In today's world, especially after the development of open innovation paradigm, technological collaboration is the most important sources of innovation. Because, in the new competitive environment, organizations are in need sources of innovation and the current competitive advantages and internal resources are not sufficient for competitiveness. So technological collaboration is an effective tool for developing competitive advantage and eliminate the gap between current and desired capabilities. This makes the technological collaboration as an engine of growth and productivity in local and international markets and also as one of the most important management tools for improving the competitiveness of organizations and strategic maneuvers in complex and dynamic environments. In recent years, collaboration has been expanded so that five hundred first-class international business, has more than sixty percent of strategic alliances. These collaborations are not necessarily always successful and failure rate has been reported seventy to eighty percent. These failures led to the scientific experts efforts for finding solutions of increase the effectiveness of collaborations, Appropriate methods of collaboration, Reduce the risks of collaboration and identifying Success Factors. In this paper is attempted after literature review, success Factors of technological collaboration is introduced. Understanding these factors provide useful insight for managers and policy makers. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Effective Factors on Infusion and Diffusion of Web-based Knowledge Management Technology; Case: Moshanir Company
        Eman Mokhlesi Mostafa Torabi
        Nowadays, sophisticated technologies, such as Information Technology systems arise from new demands in case of technology perception. With increasing tendency in using Web-based technologies for ameliorating job performance, Information Technology systems act as a vital More
        Nowadays, sophisticated technologies, such as Information Technology systems arise from new demands in case of technology perception. With increasing tendency in using Web-based technologies for ameliorating job performance, Information Technology systems act as a vital section in business operations. In the current research, results of organizational development pertaining to critical factors of web-based knowledge management effective transmission are concerned. Infusion and diffusion processes are evaluated by acceptance of effectiveness of web-based knowledge management technology in organizational systems. Incepted acceptance and transmission of Information Technology tools in the accepting system business processes, will not necessarily guarantee the change in taste of users and designers. It becomes obvious only at a time when IT systems cause changes. Once this technology is deployed, a need for acquiring and measuring integration arises; this claims that a need for diffusion level as a source of change exists. Each of mentioned processes, i.e. Infusion and Diffusion, are influenced by a set of constituents. In this study, we use experimental models of infusion and diffusion for web-based Knowledge Management technology. The change source in technology transmission is considered in this research. Also, some applicable advices are suggested for effective transmission of web-based knowledge management technology in organizations. This research is done to find out the factors affecting technology transmission and IT technologies acceptance. It tries to explore the procedures for facilitating a successful transmission of these technologies too. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The identification factors of effective in transfer of technology
        Mahmood Mahdizadeh Hadi Heydari Ghare bag Yaser Mirzaei
        This research is about technology & the title is identification & extraction of effect factors in technology transfer. Becoming acquaintance with factors that effect on technology transfer to Iran’s industries is the goal of this research. In order to, we discuss techno More
        This research is about technology & the title is identification & extraction of effect factors in technology transfer. Becoming acquaintance with factors that effect on technology transfer to Iran’s industries is the goal of this research. In order to, we discuss technology definition and the process of technology transfer, and then, survey success factors in technology transfer to developing countries and the constraints of technology transfer to Iran. In this research, we use both survey and analytical methods that with collect data and information we have been done studies through a library and comprehensive literature. With regard to the key factors have been identified in the process of transferring technology in all different aspects of an effective pattern, a appropriate model factors for the transfer of technology in the main factor of eight as: effective and efficient management, governmental supports, cooperation between research centers and industry, considering research and develop activities, absorption capacity of host country, enough market access, tending and ability of both countries, and develop export policy.In continuing this research we extract sub-factors of each main factor. that eventually all factors have been identified in the form of a questionnaire that had been prepared by experts and specialist of the transfer of technology in connection with the amount of being a question of the factors that after collecting the questionnaire we analyze the factors by T-test (T-student) for statistical analysis by SPSS statistical soft wares, In this research, Cronbach's alpha is used for reliability of questionnaire. The results may increase efficiency and effectiveness of technology transfer projects. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Designing a Model to examin Research and Development section´s capabilities with emphasis on reversed engineering in Tage chemical Factory
        Neda Khadem Garayeli Reza Radfar
        Today, research and development and related activities to access new technologies in the industrial world have been challenging activities. Although the research and industrial development companies in developed countries have been living for thirty years with increasin More
        Today, research and development and related activities to access new technologies in the industrial world have been challenging activities. Although the research and industrial development companies in developed countries have been living for thirty years with increasing importance of R&D continuously, but developing countries recently have realized its importance.technologies are products which are produced by R&D units; R&D units were known as Technology pillars and are unique resources of innovation, creating R&D units and institutes or developing old ones to new effective ones for developing countries are inevitable issues. There are various methods to access the Technologies and one of the most important ones , especially among developing countries is Reverse engineering which is Consciousness method taken from exist Technology. This paper also reviews research background of (R & D) and reverse engineering, simulation software modeling to achieve the most effective parameters and their relationships and offer strategies for optimal per unit R & D and access to technologies of modern examined. This study contains R & D department of a chemical factory as selected population which is one of the important industrial factories in Iran. Some of the important key factors straw is considered in R&D unit of mentioned factory include: Number of had ended project in R&D unit, System inputs including (primary materials & new need), Expert & Skillful human resources, Versed management of R&D unit, Planning and project control of R&D unit Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Assessment of Technological Capabilities levels in metal industry by use of technology need assessment
        Abbas Khamseh Sabktakin Shafaghat
        Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools and machinery One of the key factors o More
        Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools and machinery One of the key factors of the failure of employing technology to gain competitive advantage in the developing countries firms is the lack of knowledge and understanding of the firm technological capabilities level and using them on the same side of relative advantages. Technological needs assessment is something which is used for the purpose of determining which features are needed to implement Technological priorities. Technological assessment not only identifies weak and problematic areas of the firm, but also takes relative advantages of the firm into consideration and defines them. In this research, we are trying to investigate technological capabilities level of Yasan Steel Structures Co. using technological needs assessment model. This model has evaluated capability level of the firm from 9 aspects, and determines the situation of the firm in each and every one and suggestions in order to reduce the existing gap are offered. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Critical challenges of Policy-Making for Emerging Technologies in Iran: Nano-Technology as a case
        Reza Ansari Seyed Habibollah Tabatabaeiyan
        Nowadays, in the industrial countries and ever-increasingly in the developing countries, the policy makers found that the concepts of National Innovation System are useful framework as systematic approach for compilation of technology policy. In this essay, by reviewing More
        Nowadays, in the industrial countries and ever-increasingly in the developing countries, the policy makers found that the concepts of National Innovation System are useful framework as systematic approach for compilation of technology policy. In this essay, by reviewing technologic policy making literature and concepts of National Innovation System as a framework for compilation of technologic policy, the experience of policy making of emerging technologies in the country (nano-technology as an example) have been inspected and analyzed. Also the main challenges and also some proposals have been presented in order to promote the status of emerging technologies policy making and finally with regard to the literature and main observations presented in this essay, necessity of systematic approach design faced with emerging technologies have been explained. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - Identification of Traditional Tools & Solutions of Knowledge Management in Low-Tech Enterprises
        Saeed hosein Rafuati
        Management experts have considered knowledge management, in the course of the past several years, as a managerial solution and have recommended, to the managers, the application of its tools for increasing the enterprise efficiency. This point should be also mentioned More
        Management experts have considered knowledge management, in the course of the past several years, as a managerial solution and have recommended, to the managers, the application of its tools for increasing the enterprise efficiency. This point should be also mentioned that prior to the current development of knowledge management literature, knowledge management existed in enterprises in traditional ways. Definitely the effective development of new knowledge management tools in these enterprises must be firstly based on the same traditional tools, in order to improve them, and secondly these tools must conform to the enterprises' structure- and also the elements of this structure. One of the most crucial elements of this structure is technology level; however, it is needless to mention that knowledge management tools for low-tech enterprises are different from those for high-tech enterprises. Throughout the article, based on a statistical research carried out in small and medium enterprises in the area of metal industry- with low technology level- traditional knowledge management tools in-use are determined and defined. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Technology Commercialization as the Effective Function in Technology and Economy Development
        Reza Radfar Abbas Khamseh Hesameddin Madani
        Nowadays, research has been received a great attention due to innovation and also the innovation is being observed because of economic wealth. In present world, the concept of research has lost its meaning from the cultural point of view, while its and economical functi More
        Nowadays, research has been received a great attention due to innovation and also the innovation is being observed because of economic wealth. In present world, the concept of research has lost its meaning from the cultural point of view, while its and economical function has been greatly magnified. Commercialization is the important part of innovation process and no technology and product would come into market successfully without it. Producing contexts for knowledge and technology, can create noticeable economical values for organizations, and also leads to economical and technological growth of the society. In this paper, we try to introduce the technology commercialization and its process, and also reviewing the importance of technology commercialization and its role in development of new technologies. Along with it, the important functions which are effective in technology commercialization and its success, classification, and technology commercialization risks will be reviewed. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Properties and Importance of Development and Innovation Centers and Management of Them
        Abass Khamse Mahya Alimardanian
        adays, since there are some limitations for basic researches by global competition, so organizations mostly do critical and essential researches. Global communication, easier and cheaper access to so many scientific information and knowledge are removing the necessity o More
        adays, since there are some limitations for basic researches by global competition, so organizations mostly do critical and essential researches. Global communication, easier and cheaper access to so many scientific information and knowledge are removing the necessity of conducting new researches and establishing new sciences. We do have to pay money for gaining knowledge, but it seems knowledge leads development and innovation and it will create money and causes economic development. In this paper, we are going to introduce development and innovation, and also the importance of them in economy and technology development. Besides, the difference between development and innovation centers and the properties of them will be studied. Meanwhile, since the properties of human recourses are very important, we will investigate these properties. At the end, we will state some comments about the management of mentioned items. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - The Necessity of Considering the Development of New Products and the Role of Innovation, Technology and R&D in it
        Abass Khamse Reza Radfar Ali Sarafrazz Davood Sarafrazz
        In todays world of economy, many of organizations are looking for elements of creating competetive advantages. The process of developing new products for different kinds of product/service organizations, is considered as competetive advantage. Development of New product More
        In todays world of economy, many of organizations are looking for elements of creating competetive advantages. The process of developing new products for different kinds of product/service organizations, is considered as competetive advantage. Development of New products will help organizations to keep their competetive and monopolistic positions in competetive market. In this paper we try to introduce development of new product, directions, patterns and its process, and also consider the goals and reasons of the imporance of development of new products. So, we will consider the role of innovation, R&D, technology and management in new product development process. We would also investigate the important factors which are seems to be important in fail and success of the new product development. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - A know-how on Commercializing Process Model for Chemical Products
        Sasan Sadraei Ahmad Mosaei
        The Know-how Commercialization is one of the most complicated issues that Research institute is facing nowadays. Difficulties and special structure of each of technologies have caused problems in commercialization processes. Lack of integration between the component of More
        The Know-how Commercialization is one of the most complicated issues that Research institute is facing nowadays. Difficulties and special structure of each of technologies have caused problems in commercialization processes. Lack of integration between the component of commercialization process and companys strategy may duplicate the difficulties. In this paper, a commercialization process framework for chemical products with emphasizing on RIPI strategy was developed in order to hold the system integrity. After all, a case study for a chemical product of RIPI, based on the framework will be delivered, and at last the results will be discussed. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        12 - Investigating the Effects of R&D globalization in innovation and technology development
        Reza Radfar Abass Khamse
        Increasing the competitive space and motivation for duration in markets, is a cause to move countries and organizations that concentrate their activities on core productions and core competencies. This matter requires large investment in researches and technologic innov More
        Increasing the competitive space and motivation for duration in markets, is a cause to move countries and organizations that concentrate their activities on core productions and core competencies. This matter requires large investment in researches and technologic innovations. Nowadays, performing the researches in organizations is based on of guidance purpose and supporting the innovation and R&D activities in organizations must be concentrate to the best opportunities that create the new business or change the present business of organizations. Also, intensity of globalization competitive in recent lathes is ended to increasing the countries and organizations support from R&D activities. Researches complexities base on technology and innovation and also business and market is a cause for reconsideration in activities direction and its dimensions, scales and positions. In present century, R&D result has a great impact on innovation, quality improvement, the standard level of life, and increases the markets share and the other factors that are effective for competitiveness of organizations. With appearance of globalization phenomena, the methods for access to technology has been changed, and new methods have been created that make possible for countries and organizations the accessibility to research in different levels. In recent lathes, most part of R&D activities performs by use of foreign direct investment (FDI) by trans national corporations (TNCs), but these corporations performs main activities of R&D in its laboratory for containing the competitive advantage that is ended to product of knowledge and also performs more development activities and relation with market in another countries and near the consumption markets. We are trying in this paper to present the definition abut globalization, R&D and also, difference between R and D, to investigate effects of globalization process on R&D consist of : appearance of new methods for technology reception that is ended to access to development and knowledge researches. Especially, FDI method, investigate the effective factors from R&D and present the related static with many factors in another countries, mandatory of R&D and audit of innovation in organizations, introducing the many related factors with R&D such as cost, market, technology, competitive advantage, ... , and opportunities resulted from globalization process on R&D activities in under developed countries. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        13 - The role of R&D in value creation in corporation
        Mohammadreza sadrinia Mohsen Varvani
        Technology is a one of the important factors to help organizations in offering products with high quality and low price to customers. It is obvious that if organizations can supply goods and services with appropriate price, time and manner to their customers, then they More
        Technology is a one of the important factors to help organizations in offering products with high quality and low price to customers. It is obvious that if organizations can supply goods and services with appropriate price, time and manner to their customers, then they can reach customers’ satisfaction and loyalty. By presenting new products in new ways, organizations can satisfy available customers need and can convert potential customers to real customers. To get this objective, Research and development can play a vital role. In this research we attempt to investigate the role of R&D in value creation from view point of experts in corporations. This research is a descriptive-survival research, and our data gathering tool is questionnaire. Finally, in this research five hypotheses has tested and accepted Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        14 - Soft Technology and Forth Generation of Technology Foresight
        Mohammadreza Mirza amini Zhiuoeing Jin
        This article elaborates earlier arguments about the practical and intellectual value of soft technology by showing how the enlightened application of that concept in the field of technology foresight (or technological forecasting) would improve the effectiveness of the More
        This article elaborates earlier arguments about the practical and intellectual value of soft technology by showing how the enlightened application of that concept in the field of technology foresight (or technological forecasting) would improve the effectiveness of the field. It also shows how the evolution of technology foresight as a profession and academic field has, in its own way, facilitated the development of soft technology. It also argues that technology foresight techniques are themselves an example of soft technology. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        15 - Analysis of the factors affecting R & D management and rank the factors with ANP techniques in the automotive industry (Case Study: Pars Khodro Company)
        Abass Khamse shohreh ghanbariha fereydon ohadi
        This study developed in 8 of the R & D management model to analyze the factors affecting the Pars Khodro Company will pay R & D management. And determines the performance of the company. . -Pymayshy Descriptive research and data gathering instrument was a questionnaire More
        This study developed in 8 of the R & D management model to analyze the factors affecting the Pars Khodro Company will pay R & D management. And determines the performance of the company. . -Pymayshy Descriptive research and data gathering instrument was a questionnaire which its validity with the judgment of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and SPSS software. Due to the limited population of the study, the total number method is used to rank the factors affecting the management of research and development in Pars Khodro Company of paired comparisons with ANP techniques using software is used SUPER DECISIONS. The results obtained from the software indicates that financial factors were ranked first and managerial factors responsible for learning and innovation, technological platforms, operating commercial, technical factors, the operating system have won the next rank. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        16 - Examining the Influencing Factors on Online Travel Purchase Intention, Using Technology Acceptance Model Extension
        seyed mehdi mirmehdi Danial  Molaei
        Online travel shopping has become attractive for researchers. In our country, online travel shopping is thriving and researchers try to recognize customers’ behavior in online context and factors that impact on their behavior. Companies and organizations recognize custo More
        Online travel shopping has become attractive for researchers. In our country, online travel shopping is thriving and researchers try to recognize customers’ behavior in online context and factors that impact on their behavior. Companies and organizations recognize customers’ behavior and effecting factors to find their strength and weaknesses in marketing and find customers’ demands; this subsequently leads to customer loyalty and an increase in their profit. Previous researches largely concentrated on Davis’s technology acceptance model, theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behavior. In this research by using technology acceptance model, 10 hypotheses were tested to analyze their impact on online travel purchase. In this descriptive – survey research, a questionnaire consists of 35 questions distributed online. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts’ comments and reliability was confirmed using Cronbach alpha. A sample of 250 were analyzed and the results indicate attitude, perceived usefulness, trust, and price have a meaningful relationship with online purchase intention. Secondly, perceived usefulness and trust have impact on attitude about online travel purchase. Separately perceived ease of use showed no significant relationship with attitude and online travel purchase. Results on perceived privacy suggest that it has a meaningful relationship with trust in online travel purchase, contrarily it has no significant impact on online travel purchase intention. . Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        17 - Position Of Intellectual Property Rights In The Support And Development Of Nanotechnology
        Ehsan Kalantari Maybodi
        Intellectual property is a right that gives its owner the exclusive benefit of human activity, thought and initiative, which itself is divided into various branches such as literary and artistic property rights and industrial property. Compared to other goods and produc More
        Intellectual property is a right that gives its owner the exclusive benefit of human activity, thought and initiative, which itself is divided into various branches such as literary and artistic property rights and industrial property. Compared to other goods and products, the product of human intelligence has four characteristics: 1- First, it is a direct result of the work of human thought; 2- Second, this product falls into the information category; 3- Third, this smart product is not wasted by consumption; 4- The fourth is that it is easily supplied and can be reproduced. These features make the owner of such a product can not control its use and is easily lost. In fact, the economic value of an intellectual creation is due to its rarity and scarcity that if a number of people do not support and achieve it and exploit and use it, the mentioned value will be lost or at least reduced. In the legal system of Iran, several laws have been passed regarding the protection of intellectual property, which are very incomplete and rudimentary in comparison with international laws and need to be amended and supplemented. Nanotechnology has created new legal issues in the field of rights and intellectual property. Some of these issues may be resolved by existing laws or by controlling and modifying the nanosphere, but we may need to enact new laws to control the nanosphere. Manuscript profile